Here is a summary of the article linked above.

Aerogels, often referred to as “frozen smoke” due to their ethereal appearance, are remarkable materials created in the late 1920s through a bet between scientists. Aerogels are the lightest solids known and can support thousands of times their own weight. Despite their strength and unique properties, such as being fireproof, breathable, and excellent insulators, aerogels remain expensive to produce, costing about $23,000 per pound.

Aerogels come in various types, including silica, carbon, and metal oxides, each with distinct properties and uses. Silica aerogels are commonly used for insulation, while carbon aerogels are used in supercapacitors and fuel cells. Metal oxide aerogels, used in catalysts and carbon nanotubes, are notable for their bright colors.

Historically, aerogels were first commercialized for uses like thickening agents and insulation but were later abandoned due to high production costs. However, modern advancements have made aerogels safer to produce and more commercially viable, finding applications in industries ranging from space exploration to construction.

Researchers continue to explore ways to make aerogels cheaper, stronger, and more versatile, with potential future applications in green technology, energy storage, and even personal protective equipment. Despite their current high cost, aerogels hold significant promise for the future.