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NASA has developed a new, tiny but powerful laser that could revolutionize space exploration by helping astronauts accurately locate and identify water on the Moon, Mars, and other celestial bodies. Previous technologies could detect hydration on the Moon but couldn’t confirm if it was water, its source, or its quantity. The new laser, created by engineer Dr. Berhanu Bulcha, uses a heterodyne spectrometer to pinpoint specific frequencies of hydration, potentially identifying water with greater precision.
This technology addresses the limitations of traditional lasers, which struggle with the terahertz frequency range where water emits photons. To overcome this, Dr. Bulcha’s team is developing quantum cascade lasers and has innovated to tighten the laser beam, enhancing accuracy. The laser, small enough to fit in a teapot, could be flight-ready for NASA’s Artemis program and may eventually be used in handheld devices by future explorers on the Moon, Mars, and beyond.